Surat-surat Muhammad untuk kepala negara


Menurut al-Tabari dalam Sejarah Para Nabi dan Raja, setelah Perjanjian Hudaibiyah, Nabi Muhammad memutuskan untuk mengirim surat kepada sejumlah kepala negara yang mengajak mereka memeluk Islam. [1][2][3] Beberapa pakar non-Muslim meragukan tradisi ini.[4]

Berdasarkan historiografi Islam, Nabi Muhammad mengirim utusan kepada Heraklius, Kaisar Bizantium; Chosroes II, Khosrau Persia; Negus dari Ethiopia; Muqawqis, penguasa Mesir; Harith Gassani, gubernur Suriah; Munzir bin Sawa al-Tamimi; dan penguasa Bahrain.[5]

  1. ^ Lings, Martin (1994). Muhammad: His Life based on the earliest sources. Suhail Academy Lahore. hlm. 260. 
  2. ^ Khan, Dr. Majid Ali (1998). Muhammad The Final Messenger. Islamic Book Service, New Delhi, 110002 (India). hlm. 250–251. ISBN 81-85738-25-4. 
  3. ^ Haykal, Muhammad Husayn (1993). The Life of Muhammad (Translated from the 8th Edition By Ism'il Ragi A. Al Faruqi). Islami Book Trust, Kula Lumpur. hlm. 360. 
  4. ^ Gabriel Said Reynolds, The Emergence of Islam (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2012), p. 49.
  5. ^ For example, Sigismund Koelle reports that "Ibn Ishak also mentions the names of nine different messengers who had to carry Mohammed's letters to the following potentates: (1) to the Emperor of the Greeks; (2) to Chosroes, the king of Persia; (3) to Najashi, the prince of Abyssinia; (4) to Mokawkas, the prince of Alexandria; (5) to Jeifar and Iyaz, the princes of Oman; (6) to Thumama and Hawza, the princes of Yemama; (7) to Munzir, the prince of Bahrein; (8) to El Harith, the prince of the border districts of Syria; and (9) to the Himyarite Harith Ibn Abd Kulal, the prince of Yemen." Koelle, S. W. (1889). Mohammed and Mohammedanism Critically Considered (p. 194). London: Rivingtons.

© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search